What Is Substantial Gainful Activity (SGA)?

Substantial Gainful Activity refers to any kind of work that involves significant physical or mental tasks and generates income above SSA’s set limits. “Substantial” means the work is meaningful and productive. “Gainful” means it provides—or could provide—a level of income that SSA considers self-supporting.

2025 SGA Monthly Income Limits

• Non-Blind Individuals: $1,550/month
• Statutorily Blind Individuals: $2,590/month

These limits are national standards, and Tennessee follows the same thresholds. If your average monthly earnings exceed these amounts, the SSA may determine that you are not disabled under their rules.

Types of Work That May Qualify as SGA

Even part-time or freelance work can count as SGA if it meets the criteria. This includes:

• Full-time or part-time employment
• Self-employment or gig work
• Volunteer work (if it shows capacity to work for pay)
• In-kind work (e.g., free rent in exchange for services)

SSA doesn’t only look at income—it also evaluates the nature of the work, hours, skills used, and whether the work reflects your ability to earn at a substantial level.

What Doesn’t Count as SGA?

Certain activities may not count as SGA, including:

• Work performed under special conditions (e.g., sheltered workshops)
• Unsuccessful work attempts lasting fewer than six months
• Work income that is offset by impairment-related expenses
• Sporadic or inconsistent work with low earnings

If you’re unsure, SSA will evaluate your situation on a case-by-case basis.

Why It Matters in Tennessee SSDI Claims

If you’re applying for or already receiving SSDI in Tennessee, exceeding the SGA limit—even temporarily—can result in:

• Application denial
• Benefit suspension or termination
• Overpayment notices if you failed to report income

This makes it essential to understand how SGA is calculated and what your rights are.